Nicola Laver LLB

Nicola studied law at the University of Greenwich and qualified as a solicitor in 1998. During her studies, she tried to write as much as possible and is also now an NCTJ-qualified journalist. In 2007, she left legal practice to write full-time on the law.
Nicola has now been writing on legal matters for over 20 years, for various national and international newspapers, legal organisations, law journals and law firm websites (such as Raconteur, LexisNexis, and The Telegraph). She is also a published author in her own right.
If you'd like to contact Nicola, you can do so via her website, on LinkedIn, or on Twitter.
Articles written by Nicola Laver LLB:
- YouTube showing football footage and Premier League copyright issues
- Wrongful Interference with Goods: A Claim in Tort
- Wrongful dismissal
- Working Time Regulations and the 48 hour week
- Will information I give to my solicitor remain confidential or can it be disclosed to the other party?
- Who is Liable for Costs in Civil Court Cases
- Who can make a claim for copyright infringement?
- Who am I not allowed to Marry or enter a Civil Partnership with?
- White Collar Crime: What is it and What offences does it normally involve?
- When is cold calling legal and when is it illegal?
- When are the police allowed to take fingerprints and other samples?
- What to do to accept a contract?
- What sort of Evidence is Admissible in a Civil Claim?
- What should I do if my child is excluded from school?
- What should a letter of claim for professional negligence contain?
- What should a letter of claim for defamation contain?
- What should a letter of claim for a construction or engineering dispute contain?
- What rights exist in relation to the surveillance of private individuals?
- What requirements are there for international footballers to have work permits?
- What remedies are available to buyers in a contract for the sale of goods?
- What public funding is available in family law cases?
- What is the sex offenders register and when will someone be put on it?
- What is the Pre-Action Protocol for the Resolution of Clinical Disputes?
- What is the Pre-Action Protocol for Professional Negligence Claims?
- What is the Pre-Action Protocol for Judicial Review?
- What is the position relating to the advertising of alcohol in Sport?
- What is the difference between Novation and Assignment and when may I need to use this?
- What is the difference between Criminal and Civil Law?
- What is the Charity Commission and what are its functions?
- What is required if an English company desires to do business with a foreign company?
- What is plea bargaining and when will it come into play?
- What is mortgage fraud and when does it occur?
- What is meant by the Secondment of an Employee?
- What is legally my land
- What is deportation? What is the rationale behind it?
- What is Co-Ownership? : The Law of the land - When does co-ownership arise?
- What is an exemption clause in a contract
- What is an electronic contract?
- What is a notary public and when will they be used?
- What is a hire purchase agreement for a car and what issues will I face?
- What happens when a case goes to court?
- What happens to a prisoner's property?
- What happens if the defendant cannot serve their defence on time?
- What grounds of appeal are accepted by the Immigration & Asylum Chamber? What does it mean for a decision to not be in accordance with the rules?
- What evidence is required to succeed in a claim for breach of contract?
- What does it mean when your solicitor says they will retain funds in a property transaction?
- What does it mean to have the right to respect of private and family life and when will this come into play?
- What are the possible defences against personal injury claims?
- What are the Legal Requirements for Running Boarding Kennels?
- What are the laws of England and Wales which relate specifically to individuals who drive for a living?
- What are the advantages of the use of DNA in criminal cases?
- What are limitation periods under UK law and when will they come into play?
- What are interim applications?
- What are collective bargaining agreements and how are they used in Sport?
- Waste Management and Environmental Protection
- Warrants of Execution and Writs of Fieri Facias
- Warranties: Consumer Rights Act, extended warranties, and expired warranties
- Voluntary bills of indictment explained
- Vicarious Liability: The Liability of an Employer
- Using a Guarantor for a Mortgage or Tenancy
- Unregistered land: Nature of land charges
- Under what circumstances can I charge for the late payment of commercial debts?
- Unauthorised access to computer material
- Trespass: What is Trespass to Land?
- Trees blocking out light
- Transferring prisons during a sentence
- Trademark infringement: What Constitutes and Infringement of a trademark?
- Trade marks – Relative Grounds for Refusal
- Track allocation in civil proceedings: the three tracks and the overriding objective
- Ticket Touting at Football Matches: What the law says
- Theft - Points and actions needed to prove it as a criminal offence
- The Welfare Principle in Family Law
- The use of Police Identity Parades in the UK Criminal Justice System
- The Use of Break Clauses in Commercial Property Leases – issues to consider
- The Unregistered Design Right
- The United Kingdom Constitution: Written or Unwritten?
- The Rule of Law in the UK
- The Rule of Collateral Finality
- The Roles and Duties of Shareholders
- The risk of media identification of crime suspects
- The Right of Access to Private Land
- The Pre-Action Protocol for Disease and Illness Claims
- The Police National Computer (PNC)
- The law relating to the sale of wool
- The law relating to commercial and private sellers of dogs
- The Law Regarding the Buying and Selling of Land
- The law of tort
- The Law and Assisted Suicide/Euthanasia in the UK
- The Insolvency Process: Administration, Receivership, and Liquidation
- The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
- The Formalities of an Express Trust
- The Equality Act 2010: A brief introduction
- The doctrine of undue influence
- The Director of Public Prosecutions
- The Data Protection Act
- The Crown Prosecution Service
- The Conveyancing Procedure
- The Children Act 1989
- The Certainty of Subject Matter: A requirement when creating an express trust
- The ‘Constructive Trust’
- Terms and Conditions of Business: the importance of the terms and conditions of business
- Technological Protection Measures and Copyright
- Taking Offences into Consideration when passing Sentence
- Suspect identification procedures following arrest
- Summary trial: Procedure at trial
- Strangers who assist a Breach of Trust
- Stranger Who Takes it Upon Themselves to Act as a Trustee: A trustee de son tort
- Stop and Search: Police Powers
- Statutory Interpretation
- Sport and the Law
- Sponsorship Agreements in Sport
- Speed Cameras and the Legalities of their use in the United Kingdom
- Special disclosure orders: Norwich Pharmacal Orders
- Small Claims: Allocation to the small claims track
- Shop employers making deductions from worker’s pay due to cash shortages
- Shill bidding - Is it legal to bid on your own item on an auction e.g on eBay?
- Share Capital and Rules Surrounding it
- Sexual Offences and the Age of Consent
- Sexual Assault, Rape and Assault by Penetration
- Severance in Contract
- Selling Package Holidays: What legislation do I need to be aware of?
- Selling a property with Sitting Tenants
- Selling a horse - Legal Issues and contracts
- Sales Law
- Rules against perpetuities and accumulations – what effect has recent legislation had on these rules?
- RTA - Whiplash Injury
- Robbery - factors to establish it is a criminal offence under the Theft Act
- Rights of the Mortgagor: the Mortgagor's Right to Redeem
- Right to Access CCTV Footage of Yourself
- Revocation of a Will: What does the revocation of a will mean?
- Resulting Trusts: What are they?
- Restrictive Covenants and Residential Property
- Requirements for Sports Coaching
- Reopening Criminal Cases and Trials under certain circumstances
- Removal of encroaching tree roots from a neighbours tree
- Removal of branches overhanging your garden
- Relationships giving rise to a presumption of advancement
- Registering Unregistered Land
- Registered Land: The Conveyance of Registered Land
- Registered and Unregistered Land
- Refusing to pay for a restaurant meal
- Recall to prison: A basic guide
- Racist Abuse in Football
- Public Nuisance: A Common Law Crime
- Protection of deer by the law according to the Deer Act 1991
- Protection of badgers by law according to the Badgers Act 1992
- Proprietary Estoppel
- Promises in contracts?
- Privity in Contract Law
- Private Nuisance: Can I make a Claim?
- Privacy in Your Own House: Who can enter your home?
- Preventing Former Employees Stealing Data and Information
- Presumption of Advancemen: What evidence required to rebut a presumption of advancement
- Preparing For Trial
- Preparing for a Final Small Claims Hearing
- Pre-action Protocols in Civil Litigation
- Pre-Action Protocol for Possession Claims based on rent arrears
- Pre-Action Protocol for Possession Claims based on Mortgage or Home Purchase Plan Arrears
- Pre-Action Protocol for Housing Disrepair Cases
- Powers of Appointment
- Police Interviews: What are my options if I am subject to interview conducted by the police?
- Planning permission for greenhouses
- Planning permission for garden walls
- Pigs and Pet Pig Walking Licences
- Personal Injury Payouts: How much will I get?
- Paying for your case: Financing Civil Litigation
- Pay as you play contracts in football - Employment Law Legalities
- Patent Infringement: The main defences
- Passing Off: A law of Tort
- Parental Responsibility: Your Rights and Obligations
- Ownership of boundary fences
- Ownership of a Football Club
- Order of Priority for Creditors in relation to Corporate Insolvency
- On what grounds can a will be contested?
- Official Secrets: The Official Secrets Act 1911 and 1989
- Offences
- Occupation orders in domestic violence
- Obtaining Property by Deception & Making off without payment
- Obtaining Judgment in Default against a Defendant who lives or carries out their business in Scotland and enforcement of the Judgment
- Obtaining holding numbers, flock numbers and herd numbers
- Obtaining a Bank Reference
- Nuisance Parking and Abandoned Vehicles
- Noisy neighbours: What can be done?
- Newton Hearings: Procedure before sentencing on a guilty plea and the facts of the offence
- Negligence and road traffic accidents caused by horses
- Neglected neighbouring gardens and the law
- My dog went missing and the finder refuses to return it. What are my rights?
- Multi-track claims: Allocation to the multi-track
- Motoring Law
- Methods of Alternative Dispute Resolution
- Medical negligence and the loss of chance
- Media Law
- Marriage: Formation and Dissolution (void and voidable marriages)
- Making Off Without Payment: The Theft Act 1978
- Making a claim in the small claims court
- Making a claim against the estate of the deceased under the Inheritance
- Making a citizen's arrest
- Maintenance Pending Suit: What is this and when will it come into play?
- Maintenance Orders for Spouses before Divorce
- Lost Title Deeds: How to replace them
- Loss of Control, Provocation and the Criminal Law
- Local Authority Support for Children and Families: Powers and Duties
- Living off Immoral Earnings
- Licences in property law
- Legal Separation
- Legal Protection while Eating Out
- Legal Issues When Returning Faulty Goods to a Retailer
- Lay people and their role in the English legal system
- Law on discrimination in the workplace on grounds of a person’s sex
- Landlord and Tenant Rights in the UK
- Labelling fruit juices
- Labelling cocoa and chocolate products
- Keeping chickens in a garden
- Jury Service: Do I have to attend?
- Judge only trials
- Joint Ventures Explained: Types, Structures and Reasons
- Joining a number of participants and causes of action in legal proceedings
- Items found on Land: Who Owns them?
- Is it illegal for an employer to dismiss staff for taking part in a strike?
- Is it illegal for a football club to directly approach a player who is under contract with another club?
- Is evidence of bad character admissible in criminal trials?
- Internet Service Providers, Copyright Infringement and Illegal Material
- Interests and Estates in Land and The Law
- Insanity as a criminal defence
- Inheritance Disputes: making a dependency claim
- Infanticide and the Criminal Law
- Industrial Injuries: Benefits and Compensation
- Incorporating your standard terms and conditions in contracts
- Inciting Hatred: Race, Religion, or Sexual Orientation
- In what ways can a charity use its funds?
- In what circumstances can a person become the legal owner of a wild animal?
- Improving your credit control to recuce bad debt
- Implied terms present in contracts
- Image Rights: The Right to protect your image
- Illegally or improperly obtained evidence - Legal Issues
- If I sell unofficial merchandise outside sporting grounds what rights will I be infringing?
- If an employer discriminates against an employee on the grounds of that employee having IVF treatment will this fall foul of anti-discrimination laws?
- I want to open a pet shop - are there any special requirements to be aware of?
- Human Trafficking and Prevention under UK Law
- Human Rights in the UK: The Basics
- How to create an Express Trust: The Basics
- How to appeal against conviction for a motoring offence?
- How does the Equality Act and the Equality Duty Affect the Public Sector
- How does the Equality Act 2010 Affect Private Clubs and Associations
- How do I know if I have a legally enforceable contract?
- How can known members of Al-Qaeda be allowed to stay in the United Kingdom under the Human Rights Act?
- How can I appeal against a criminal conviction?
- How are human rights appeals determined and what jurisdiction do appeal bodies have in human rights cases?
- Horse Passports and Equestrian Ownership
- Home Grown Players rule and Football Quotas
- Hearsay in Civil Cases: Common law rule against hearsay
- Have you been injured in a violent criminal attack?
- Guidance for completing an Acknowledgment of Service. Form N9.
- Guidance for completing a Pre-trial Checklist or Listing Questionnaire. Form N170.
- Grounds for Refusal of a Trade Mark under Section 3 of the Trade Marks Act 1994.
- Going Public: Floating a Company
- Garden ponds: The legal implications
- Gangmasters Licensing explained
- Fraudulent Withdrawals from your Bank Account
- Forgery and Counterfeiting and The Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981
- Football Stadiums and the Law
- Fixed Penalty Notices
- Fishing Rights in England and Wales
- Fast track claims: Allocation to the fast track
- Failure to Act: Can this result in a Criminal Offence?
- Exemption Clauses in Contract Law
- Evidence: Types of Evidence Admissible in a Law Court
- Eviction for mortgage arrears
- Establishing a claim in the tort of negligence - Legal Issues
- Entering into a contract with a minor
- Enforcing a trust: enforcing fully constituted trusts
- Employment issues when implementing a Dress Code
- Employment businesses withholding pay from a work-seeker
- Employment agencies: Guide to the law under which they operate
- Employee raising a grievance during disciplinary proceedings
- Employee conduct bringing company into disrepute : Legal Issues
- Emergency Protection Orders (EPOs) in respect of children
- Electronic communications offences: intercepting communications
- Dual Nationality: The advantages and disadvantages
- Drug Testing by Employers in the Workplace
- Door Stop Selling - The Legal Issues and Regulations
- Domestic agreements
- Does the FA Premier League have power over the Football Association
- Do I have to pay VAT on the purchase of a car?
- Distribution of Family Assets by the Courts on Divorce
- Disqualified from Driving
- Disposition of Leases and Reversions
- Disclosure During Civil Proceedings
- Disabled athletes and able bodied competition
- Diminished Responsibility and the Criminal Law – Homicide Act & the Coroners and Justice Act
- Different types of Trusts: the nature of trusts and trust types
- Deportation from Britain
- Defences to Trademark Infringement
- Defence case statement: What must the prosecution disclose to the defence in criminal proceedings?
- Defamation: A Brief Guide
- Deeds: Contracts under Seal
- Dangerous Dogs Act: Which dogs are banned in the UK
- Cross-examination: A Brief Summary
- Criminal Damage
- Creating a Website - Legal Issues
- Cows have strayed onto my property and caused damage. What are my rights?
- Court Proceedings
- Court Judgements
- County Court Judgments: What are they? How do they arise? What are their consequences? How can they be removed?
- Corroboration in Criminal Trials
- Copyright Protection for Software
- Copyright Infringement: Remedies & Defences
- Copyright in sound recordings and films
- Copyright in published editions
- Conveyancing - Leasehold: Good Title and Absolute Title
- Controls on the disposal of farm waste
- Contributory negligence and claimants contributing to their loss
- Contracts relating to the sale of a dog which may have been described incorrectly
- Contracts Promoting Sexual Immorality
- Contracts and law: What you should know
- Contempt of Court Act 1981 Explained
- Consumer rights and refunds
- Construction of fences on the wrong side of a boundary
- Construcive Trusts and the Interest of Third Parties
- Consideration in Contract Law
- Computer generated Works: What are they and who owns them?
- Complaints about Barristers
- Compensation to football clubs for loss of a player due to injuries from an International game
- Compensation Orders in the Magistrates' Court
- Community Sentences: Punishement without Prison
- Common Law Mistakes in Contracts
- Common Assault, ABH, and GBH: Will there be a prison sentence?
- Cohabitation Agreements
- Codicils and Revoking Wills
- Cloning farm animals and the law
- Claims over work related stress - Legal Issues
- Claiming Against the at Fault Driver after a Road Traffic Accident
- Civil Court Trials
- Civil Court
- Changing Employment Terms: What changes to a Contract is an Employer allowed to make?
- Changing a Company’s Constitution
- Challenging a Will after Death
- Certainty of Objects: A Requirement to create an express trust
- Cats - The legal issues of trespass and fouling
- Care and Supervision Orders: Threshold Criteria under Children's Act 1989
- Car Crime: Car and vehicle offences and Criminal Convictions
- Capacity in Contract Law
- Can the same individual own two football clubs at the same time?
- Can I use being drunk as a defence to a criminal act?
- Can I reproduce Football Association Premier League fixtures on my website?
- Can I be prosecuted for chanting at football matches?
- Can I be convicted of a criminal offence for something I have done during a competitive sporting contest?
- Can a person’s passport be confiscated for non-payment of child support maintenance?
- Can a Bank Prevent a Person Opening a Bank Account?
- Buying Insurance for Parts of your Body
- Buying a smaller property with a view to extending it - Legal Issues
- Bribery Act 2010 and its Effects
- Breach of Contract
- Betting in UK Sport - Match fixing and the fixing of results
- Being Arrested: powers and duties of the custody officer
- Barrister's Code of Conduct
- Automatism as a Criminal Defence
- Assigning a Lease on a Property - Legal Issues to consider
- Assaulting a police officer
- As an employer am I entitled to refuse a last minute holiday request?
- As a landlord, am I allowed to show Premier League matches live from a foreign channel?
- Are there any advantages in my business in giving to charity?
- Applying for bail after conviction when there is a delay in passing sentence
- Anticipatory Breach of Contract and when it occurs
- Anti-Competitive Agreements
- Allotments and the law: Provision, letting and sale of allotments
- Agricultural Law
- Affiliation order – a single woman’s claims on the father of her child
- Acas: What it is. What it does. Its legal status.
- Abuse of a Dominant Position
- Absence from School: Legitimate Reasons
- A Suspended Prison Sentence: What exactly does this mean?
- A Statement of Case: documents providing details and information on what each party has about the case
- A guide to The Riding Establishments Act 1964.
- A guide to the laws which apply to the transportation of horses
- A guide to the laws relating to the walking of dogs
- A Deed of Confirmation or Correction Deed
- A Bank Reference: What exactly is it?
- 'The certainty of intention': A requirement when creating an express trust