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Intellectual Property

General

Intellectual Property Rights

Illegally Downloading Music

Open Source Software Licences

Passing Off

Claiming Royalties Art Work

Self Publishing Versus Publishing House

Copyright

Copyright

Copyright The Basics

Copyright Infringement

Remedies for Copyright Infringement

Who can Claim Copyright Infringement?

Criminal Liability for Copyright Infringement

Copyright Tribunals

Can Ideas be Protected by Copyright?

What are Moral Rights?

How long does Copyright last?

Copyright and Websites

Copyright for Freelance Writers

Copyright in Literary, Dramatic and Musical Works

Copyright in Artistic Works

Copyright in Sound Recordings and Films

Copyright in Broadcasts

Copyright in Published editions

Copyright Licensing Agency

Computer Generated Works Copyright

Copyright Protection for Software

Copyright Technological Protection Measures

Internet Service Providers Copyright Illegal Material

Defence of Fair Dealing in Copyright Law

Trademarks

Trade Marks

How to apply for a Trade Mark

Renewing a Trade Mark

Refusal of Trade Mark

Trademark Infringement

Trade Marks Relative Grounds for Refusal

Defences to Trademark Infringement

Unregistered Trade Marks

Registration of Food Names

Patents

Patents

How to apply for a Patent

Renewing a Patent

Patent Infringement

Defences to Patent Infringement

Confidentiality

Information Commissioner Data Protection Act Powers

Protection of Company Information

Data Protection Requirements for Business

Design Rights

How to register a Design

Renewing a registered Design

Unregistered Design Right

Semiconductor Design Rights

The Copyright Licensing Agency

The Copyright Licensing Agency is the body that deals specifically with the licensing of certain copyright material in the UK and is defined specifically in the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1998 as:

a society or other organisation which has as its main object, or one of its main objects, the negotiation or granting,  either as owner or prospective owner of copyright or as agent for him, of copyright licences, and whose objects include  the granting of licences covering works of more than one author.”

The Copyright Licensing Agency was established in 1983 and is owned by the Authors’ Licensing and Collecting Society Limited (ALCS) and the Publishers’ Licensing Society Limited (PLS) in order to perform collective licensing on their behalf.

There is also an agreement in place with the Design and Artists Copyright Society Limited (DACS) that enables the Copyright Licensing Agency to license the copying of artistic works on their behalf.

The Music Industry

In relation to the music industry when work is released it is usually the case that the work is owned by the record company due to a contractual provision in the contract between the artist and the record company.

If you wish to use extracts or samples from the work of a specific artist you will be liable to pay the record company for the use of the work.

The Film Industry

In relation to the film industry licences will be provided by the following bodies for the following uses:

Copyright Licensing

What is meant by a Copyright Licence?

Section 116(3) of the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1998 defines a copyright licence as a licence to do or to authorise to do any of the acts restricted to the owner of the copyright.

Collective Licensing  

The Copyright Licensing Agency is authorised by authors, artists and visual creators to issue collective licenses which allow copying from books, journals and magazines within certain limits and subject to various exclusions.

Blanket Licensing  

The Copyright Licensing Agency issues blanket licences to organisations. These licences are done on an annual basis and are subject to an annual licence fee which covers copyright throughout the year. This means that they only need to obtain the licence once yearly and they can copy as much as they wish throughout the year, subject to the terms and conditions of the licence of course.  These licences include an indemnity from the Copyright Licensing Agency for all copying done within the terms and conditions of the licence.

Licensing Schemes

The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1998 provides for licensing schemes by licensing authorities of which the blanket licenses and collective licences issues by the Copyright Licensing Agency will fall within.

Under Section 117 of the Act licensing schemes enable the licensee to do the following activities:

Copyright Tribunal

Where an individual has applied for a copyright licence in relation to a work which is available through a copyright licensing scheme and the operator of that scheme has refused to grant him or procure him the grant of a licence or has failed to do so in a reasonable time of being asked then that person is able to apply to the copyright Tribunal.

Does my Company need a copyright Licence?

If your company or organisation copies, prints or distributes entire or parts of work which are accorded copyright protection without the direct permission from the copyright owner then you will be breaking the law.

The Copyright Licensing Agency provides free online risk assessments which it is recommended you undertake if you believe yourself or your undertaking to be breaching copyright

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